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Articles

Vol. 1 No. 7 (2026): AGUSTUS : MUJAHADAH JURNAL ILMU MULTIDISIPLIN

TRANSPARENCY AND ACCOUNTABILITY IN WAQF REPORTING:A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW

Submitted
August 17, 2026
Published
2026-08-01

Abstract

Waqf is an important instrument in Islamic finance with significant potential to support sustainable economic development and social welfare. However, the implementation of waqf governance across various countries continues to face major challenges, particularly regarding transparency and accountability in reporting practices. This study aims to analyze the development of research on transparency and accountability in waqf reporting using a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach guided by the PRISMA protocol. Data were collected from five major academic databases (Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, DOAJ, and Emerald Insight) covering the period 2010–2024, resulting in 37 selected articles from an initial pool of 312 studies. The findings indicate that the main issues in the literature include waqf governance, financial reporting practices of nazhir (waqf managers), information disclosure to waqif (donors), the implementation of Islamic accounting standards, and the role of digital technology in enhancing transparency. The review also identifies a gap between regulatory frameworks and reporting practices, limited managerial capacity of nazhir, and the prevailing reliance on interpersonal trust within the waqf system. This study concludes that strengthening reporting standards, improving human resource capacity, and leveraging digital technologies are key factors in enhancing waqf transparency and accountability. In addition, the integration of Islamic ethical values such as amanah (trustworthiness) and mas’uliyyah (accountability) serves as a fundamental foundation for sustainable waqf management.

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